Showing 21 - 40 of 48 Results for "counseling"

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Further efforts are needed to guarantee confidentiality of HIV test results. A study found that nurses and physicians did not access HTC because of fears of confidentiality.
HIV Testing and Counseling for Women
1 study
Multiple strategies are needed to promote male involvement in ways that meet pregnant women’s needs. Studies found that some women found their partners’ involvement controlling and/or violent and other women wanted more autonomy in health decision-making. Studies also found men lacked information on vertical transmission and felt excluded from PMTCT programs. Other studies found that women indicated that they could not discuss their HIV serostatus with their husbands.
Antenatal Care - Testing and Counseling
1 study
Further interventions are needed to reduce barriers to HIV testing. Studies found that fear of partner notification, risk of domestic violence, the unreliability of rapid HIV tests, test availability, long waiting times at the clinic, costs for transport, lack of childcare and the need for partner consent were barriers to HIV testing. The impact of rapid testing during labor and delivery for HIV-positive women has yet to be assessed and HIV test results were not provided prior to delivery.
Antenatal Care - Testing and Counseling
1 study
HIV testing must be linked to access to treatment.
Antenatal Care - Testing and Counseling
1 study
Criminalization of HIV transmission may lead pregnant women to not seek testing and care. A study in Ukraine with pregnant women found that providers told women who tested HIV-positive that they carry criminal liability and others did not access care. A global review found that in some countries, vertical transmission is criminalized.
Antenatal Care - Testing and Counseling
1 study
In some settings, repeat testing of HIV-negative women during pregnancy is warranted. One study found that acute infection resulted in high rates of vertical transmission. Another study found that of 750 consecutive pregnant women, with an HIV prevalence of 37.3%, 0.9% of women were acutely infected and thus at a high risk of vertical transmission. HIV RNA assays to detect acute infection are very costly (US$1,313) and have not been used routinely in resource-limited settings.
Antenatal Care - Testing and Counseling
1 study
Additional efforts are needed to improve information and counseling about HIV during ANC to ensure that pregnant women and their sexual partners have adequate information. Studies found significant numbers of pregnant women received HIV tests with no counseling and reported that HIV testing was a mandatory part of their antenatal care. Studies also found that HIV-positive women feared transmitting HIV to their babies through casual contact. Studies found some providers assured women that treatment guaranteed that there would be no vertical transmission. In addition, studies found that some couples erroneously believed that sex during pregnancy causes miscarriages. Studies have also found that women who have tested HIV-negative at their first antenatal visit had seroconverted to HIV-positive by 12 months following delivery.
Antenatal Care - Testing and Counseling
1 study
Additional efforts are needed to ensure confidentiality in testing. Studies found that women were tested without their consent and that providers did not protect women’s confidentiality.
Antenatal Care - Testing and Counseling
1 study
Increased support is needed for HIV serostatus disclosure, particularly at key times such as delivery, infant weaning, and at the resumption of sexual activity. Studies found that disclosure to partners was low and women reported needing additional support to disclose.
Antenatal Care - Testing and Counseling
1 study
Further interventions to provide support programs, including counseling, are needed for AIDS-orphaned children and their caregivers to combat depression, social isolation and stigma. Studies found that AIDS orphans reported insufficient food, depression and stigma.
Orphans and Vulnerable Children
1 study
Providers need training on meeting the contraceptive needs of women and couples with HIV, including providing non-directive, informed choice counseling and reducing stigma and discrimination for women living with HIV. [See %{c:15}]
Structuring Health Services to Meet Women’s Needs
1 study
Concerted efforts are needed to enable adolescents at risk to test confidentially for HIV and be immediately linked to services, with information on where and how to access services. Access to and update of HIV testing and counseling (HTC) by adolescents is significantly lower than for adults. One study found that adolescents who were tested through provider-initiated testing (the WHO standard) had higher loss to follow up if they tested HIV-positive than adolescents who were tested through voluntary testing and counseling (Lamb et al., 2014). HTC must, according to WHO, include consent, confidentiality, counseling, correct test results and connections to treatment, care and prevention services. A recent report found that no data exists for HTC among ages 10 to 14 (All in to End Adolescent AIDS, 2015c). Access to HTC for adolescents who inject drugs is particularly challenging. HTC clients also need counseling on contraception and referral to services.
Increasing Access to Services
1 study
Providers need training on meeting the contraceptive needs of women and couples with HIV, including providing non-directive, informed choice counseling and reducing stigma and discrimination for women living with HIV. [See %{c:15}]
Preventing Unintended Pregnancies
1 study
Health care provider training is needed to increase confidentiality and decrease discrimination against sex workers seeking health services. Studies found that significant proportions of female and transgender sex workers did not visit health facilities because of lack of confidentiality, discrimination, and lack of counseling when accessing HIV testing.
Female Sex Workers
1 study
Increased detection of acute infection, along with immediate, effective counseling and support is needed. A trial is underway in Botswana to identify those with high viral loads to initiate treatment (Novitsky et al., 2010 cited in Delva and Abdool Karim, 2014).
Staying Healthy and Reducing Transmission
1 study
Efforts are needed to capitalize on opportunities to integrate family planning and HIV services. Studies found that both men and women wanted greater integration of services and also found high rates of unintended pregnancies among HIV-positive women. In one study, VCT clients report infrequent reproductive health counseling.
Meeting the Sexual and Reproductive Health Needs of Women Living With HIV
1 study
Interventions are needed to support women living with HIV to disclose their serostatus to their children and families. Studies found that HIV-positive women found it extremely difficult to disclose their serostatus to their children and to their families and wanted specific counseling to address this need. A study also found that women wanted support on how to talk to their children about the loss of a sibling from AIDS.
Women and Girls
1 study
Efforts are needed to provide HIV prevention and services to children and adolescents aged 10 to 17 who sell sex. [See also Prevention for Young People: %{s:25}] A number of studies show that significant numbers of sex workers selling sex when they are under age 18 and these adolescents are at high risk of acquiring HIV and have numerous legal and policy barriers, such as fear of the police, needing a guardian over age 18 to access HIV testing and counseling, and forced detention, in trying to access services.
Female Sex Workers
1 study
Increased links are needed for women who access treatment to receive counseling concerning desired children and contraception. [See also Meeting the Sexual and Reproductive Health Needs of Women Living with HIV and Safe Motherhood and the Prevention of Vertical Transmission] A study with patients from multiple sites in sub-Saharan Africa found that within four years of follow up for 4,531 women, one-third experienced a pregnancy.
Provision and Access
1 study
Increased information on an ongoing basis is needed concerning availability of support groups for people living with HIV. A study found that people living with HIV were given one time counseling concerning the availability of support groups only when they accessed their HIV-positive serostatus and when they were critically ill, so that collecting ARVs is correlated with information of support groups and other social services.
Adherence and Support
1 study