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Results for "disclosure"
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Adherence and Support
"I'm 18 years, you are telling me drugs for life?" --Woman living with HIV in Uganda (Hsieh, 2013: 11)Treatment adherence is necessary to continually suppress the virus. Adherence to ART leads to better virological outcomes, prevents disease progression and improves survival (Nachega et al., 2010a; Nachega et al., 2010c). Conversely, inadequate adherence leads to drug resistance, which can then...
Continued counseling (either group or individual) and related training for those who are HIV-positive and those affected by HIV can relieve psychological distress.
Women and Girls
4 studies
Gray
II, IV, V
counseling, depression, mental health, psychosocial impact, psychosocial support, risk behavior, sex behavior, support
Nigeria, South Africa, Thailand, Uganda
HIV Testing and Counseling for Women
Knowing ones HIV serostatus is the first step in getting the appropriate treatment and care. According to UNAIDS, fewer than 40% of those living with HIV are aware of their serostatus (UNAIDS, 2010c). In parts of sub-Saharan Africa, more than 80% of people living with HIV do not know their positive serostatus (Anand et al., 2009). Global consensus exists that greater knowledge of HIV status is ...
Staying Healthy and Reducing Transmission
"Me, I try to tell the man that, 'In this house we have been found with this problem. We should accept it. I should not point a finger at you. You, too, should not point a finger at me. Just buy your protection.' And so, little by little what he does now is different from what he did in the past." --Malawi woman living with HIV (Mkandawire-Valhmu and Stephens, 2010: 691)Successfully treated peo...
Community-based interventions (including media) that provide accurate information about HIV transmission can significantly reduce HIV stigma and discrimination.
Reducing Stigma and Discrimination
7 studies
Gray
IIIa, IIIb, IV
HIV testing, discrimination, education, knowledge, mass media, microfinance, stigma
China, Ghana, Malawi, Nigeria, Thailand, Vietnam
Providing peer support, information and skills-building support to people living with HIV can reduce unprotected sex.
Staying Healthy and Reducing Transmission
7 studies
Gray
I, II, IIIa, IIIb, V
condom use, counseling, sex behavior, sexual partners, support, support groups, treatment, violence
Ethiopia, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Uganda, United States, Zambia
Peer counseling by mother mentors may improve treatment adherence among pregnant women living with HIV.
Antenatal Care - Treatment
6 studies
Gray
II, IIIa, IIIb, IV, V
adherence, peer support, pregnancy, treatment
Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa, Uganda
Antenatal Care - Testing and Counseling
In 2007, only an estimated 18% of pregnant women were offered HIV tests (ITPC, 2009). "The purpose of antenatal VCT should be to help a woman prepare for a possible positive HIV diagnosis [and] to provide her with information about PMTCT options" (De Bruyn and Paxton, 2005: 145). In developing country settings, between eight and ten percent of women report having received PMTCT interventions (P...
Treatment support sessions can increase adherence among adolescents.
Increasing Access to Services
5 studies
Gray
II, IIIb, V
adherence, adolescents, parents, reatment, support, testing, treatment, ttesting
South Africa, Thailand, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Providing clinic services that are youth-friendly, conveniently located, affordable, confidential and non-judgmental, can increase use of clinic reproductive health services, including HIV testing and counseling and treatment services
Increasing Access to Services
7 studies
Gray
IIIb, IV
HIV testing, STIs, South Africa and Swaziland, Zimbabw, adolescents, health services, mass media, providers, support, treatment, youth
Botswana, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Zimbabwe
Antenatal Care - Treatment
Antiretroviral treatment (ART) for women living with HIV is vital to ensuring safe motherhood and reducing vertical transmission. But not all pregnant women access treatment. For women in high-income countries where access to triple therapy during pregnancy has been the standard of care and is near universal, rates of vertical HIV transmission are as low as 0.4%, for example, in Canada (Forbes ...
Orphans and Vulnerable Children
In some countries, three generations have been affected by HIV (Oladokun et al., 2010a). Even as incidence declines, there is a clear need to continue meeting the needs of children orphaned and made vulnerable due to HIV and AIDS.
"Nowadays there is a deadly disease called AIDS. This disease is only treated but not cured. Anyone can be infected -- male, female, young, old, rich, poor, educated...
Pre-Conception
Although many women do not learn their HIV status until they become pregnant, for those women who know they are HIV-positive prior to choosing to become pregnant, pre-conception assessments may inform both her and her partner of the safest way to become pregnant without HIV transmission to the infant or HIV transmission between serodiscordant couples. Therefore, throughout their reproductive ye...
Advancing Human Rights and Access to Justice for Women and Girls
*Respecting, protecting and fulfilling womens rights, particularly the rights of the most marginalized women, is increasingly understood as fundamental to an effective HIV response. Laws reflecting unequal gender norms that discriminate against women may limit their ability to protect themselves from HIV infection. In many countries where women are most at risk for acquiring HIV, laws to protec...
Addressing Violence Against Women
Violence, in addition to being a human rights violation, has been clearly demonstrated as a risk factor for HIV (WHO, 2010f; Stephenson, 2007; Jewkes et al., 2006a; Manfrin-Ledet and Porche, 2003; Dunkle et al., 2004; Quigley et al., 2000b; Silverman et al., 2008). Analysis of DHS data in Rwanda showed that currently married women with few, if any, sexual risk factors for HIV but who have exper...
Structuring Health Services to Meet Women’s Needs
The manner in which health services are structured has an impact on HIV prevention, treatment and care services for women and girls. Women often need multiple reproductive health services such as family planning in addition to HIV prevention, treatment and care, but most health care facilities are not structured to provide integrated services. Integration can be defined broadly as 1) co-locatio...
Counseling improves adherence.
Adherence and Support
6 studies
Gray
I, II, IIIa
adherence, and Zambia, community, community health workers, counseling, health care providers, support, treatment
Côte d'Ivoire, Ethiopia, Kenya, Lesotho, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, Tanzania
Community health workers and community-based support can increase uptake of safe motherhood interventions for women living with HIV and reduce vertical transmission
Antenatal Care - Treatment
9 studies
Gray
II, IIIa, IIIb
community-based outreach, community-based support, infants, pregnancy, treatment
Africa, Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, South Africa
