Showing 61 - 70 of 70 Results for "preventive therapy"

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Increasing Access to Services
Prevention and Services for Adolescents and Young People
While the literature on access to HIV services by adolescents is limited, the literature on access to sexual and reproductive health services more broadly demonstrates that youth-friendly approaches can increase use of reproductive health care services by female adolescents (Gay et al., 2015). Young peoples service needs are frequently overlooked in HIV programming that is not specifically for ...
Providing treatment support and literacy, including by HIV-positive peers and by providers, can increase adherence.
Adherence and Support
4 studies Gray IIIb, V adherence, counseling, literacy, support, support groups, treatment, treatment literacy Indonesia, Mozambique, Swaziland, Thailand
Antenatal Care - Treatment
Safe Motherhood and Prevention of Vertical Transmission
Antiretroviral treatment (ART) for women living with HIV is vital to ensuring safe motherhood and reducing vertical transmission. But not all pregnant women access treatment. For women in high-income countries where access to triple therapy during pregnancy has been the standard of care and is near universal, rates of vertical HIV transmission are as low as 0.4%, for example, in Canada (Forbes ...
Women and Girls
Care and Support
By all estimates, most care and support is provided in the home and women provide two-thirds or more of that care and support (Ogden et al., 2006; Homan et al., 2005b; Akintola, 2006; UN, 2008b; Nyangara et al., 2009b; Surkan et al., 2010). However, this means that one-third of care and support is provided by men, and some have argued that making this more visible can shift gender norms and inc...
Initiating cART as early as possible to achieve low viral load is optimal, improves maternal health, and reduces risk of vertical transmission. [See also %{s:39}] Note: Risk of vertical transmission rises after 28 weeks of pregnancy (7 months), so initiating ART at least by month 6 of pregnancy reduces risk (Luzuriaga and Mofenson, 2016)
Antenatal Care - Treatment
18 studies Gray II, IIIa, IIIb ART, CD4 cell count, CD4 counts, HAART, Ireland, Mozambiqu, infants, pregnancy, treatement, treatment, viral load Argentina, Benin, Brazil, Cameroon, Canada, Côte d’Ivoire, Ethiopia, France, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, South Africa, Swaziland, Thailand, Uganda, Ukraine, United States, Zambia
Malaria
Preventing, Detecting and Treating Critical Co-Infections
Malaria and HIV co-infection is a critical public health problem that may fuel the spread of both diseases in countries where both diseases are endemic. Malaria seems to be more common for people living with HIV and in areas of unstable malaria transmission, people living with HIV face increased risk of death (Mermin et al., 2006). Men and women living with HIV with CD4 counts below 300 cells p...
Addressing Violence Against Women
Strengthening the Enabling Environment
Violence, in addition to being a human rights violation, has been clearly demonstrated as a risk factor for HIV (WHO, 2010f; Stephenson, 2007; Jewkes et al., 2006a; Manfrin-Ledet and Porche, 2003; Dunkle et al., 2004; Quigley et al., 2000b; Silverman et al., 2008). Analysis of DHS data in Rwanda showed that currently married women with few, if any, sexual risk factors for HIV but who have exper...
HIV Testing and Counseling for Women
Knowing ones HIV serostatus is the first step in getting the appropriate treatment and care. According to UNAIDS, fewer than 40% of those living with HIV are aware of their serostatus (UNAIDS, 2010c). In parts of sub-Saharan Africa, more than 80% of people living with HIV do not know their positive serostatus (Anand et al., 2009). Global consensus exists that greater knowledge of HIV status is ...
Counseling improves adherence.
Adherence and Support
6 studies Gray I, II, IIIa adherence, and Zambia, community, community health workers, counseling, health care providers, support, treatment Côte d'Ivoire, Ethiopia, Kenya, Lesotho, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, Tanzania
Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of the infant’s life with a gradual decrease in breastfeeding results in lower rates of HIV transmission to the infant, reduced infant mortality, and improved infant growth compared to mixed feeding or abrupt weaning. Where clean accessible water is not available, breastfeeding after six months reduces infant mortality.
Postpartum
12 studies Gray II, IIIa, IIIb CD4 counts, PMTCT, breastfeeding, breastfeeding PMTCT, formula feeding, infant feeding, mixed feeding, treatment Côte d’Ivoire, Malawi, Nigeria, South Africa, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe