Showing 1 - 20 of 84 Results for "care"

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Interventions are needed to increase access to palliative care. Studies found that a significant proportion of patients needed palliative care, which should be integrated into home-based care.
Women and Girls
1 study
Evaluated guidelines are needed to manage the transition from pediatric to adult care
Increasing Access to Services
Improved support systems for lay or basic health workers are needed to facilitate effective care in areas where lay health care workers provide a significant proportion of HIV care. Systems need to be developed specifically for remuneration, retention, and adequate supervision.
Provision and Access
1 study
Care and support programs should address gender-based violence. [See also %{s:59}] A study of women who received home-based care found that significant numbers experienced violence.
Women and Girls
1 study
Programs should encourage male involvement in children’s treatment and orphan care. A systematic review and several studies found that fathers are often overlooked in orphan care when the mother has died.
Orphans and Vulnerable Children
1 study
Criminalization of HIV transmission may lead pregnant women to not seek testing and care. A study in Ukraine with pregnant women found that providers told women who tested HIV-positive that they carry criminal liability and others did not access care. A global review found that in some countries, vertical transmission is criminalized.
Antenatal Care - Testing and Counseling
1 study
Health care settings must address the needs of transgendered people and reduce barriers to services. [See %{s:19}]
Structuring Health Services to Meet Women’s Needs
1 study
Pregnant female prisoners who are living with HIV need access to HIV treatment and care for themselves and to prevent of vertical transmission.
Women Prisoners and Female Partners of Male Prisoners
1 study
Improved record keeping on HIV counseling, serostatus, and treatment is needed to improve referrals and linkages with other health care services. A study found that record keeping of HIV staging and CD4 counts was inadequate.
Antenatal Care - Testing and Counseling
1 study
Further interventions are needed to provide couples counseling and testing to reduce seroconversion during pregnancy. Studies found that inadequate numbers of couples are counseled on safer sex during pregnancy and that despite national guidelines, repeat testing during pregnancy is not routinely done. Studies also found that inadequate spaces for men in antenatal care as well as gender norms that discouraged men from accompanying women to antenatal care discouraged couples testing.
Antenatal Care - Testing and Counseling
1 study
Multiple strategies are needed to promote male involvement in ways that meet pregnant women’s needs. Studies found that some women found their partners’ involvement controlling and/or violent and other women wanted more autonomy in health decision-making. Studies also found men lacked information on vertical transmission and felt excluded from PMTCT programs. Other studies found that women indicated that they could not discuss their HIV serostatus with their husbands.
Antenatal Care - Testing and Counseling
1 study
Further interventions are needed to reduce barriers to HIV testing. Studies found that fear of partner notification, risk of domestic violence, the unreliability of rapid HIV tests, test availability, long waiting times at the clinic, costs for transport, lack of childcare and the need for partner consent were barriers to HIV testing. The impact of rapid testing during labor and delivery for HIV-positive women has yet to be assessed and HIV test results were not provided prior to delivery.
Antenatal Care - Testing and Counseling
1 study
HIV testing must be linked to access to treatment.
Antenatal Care - Testing and Counseling
1 study
In some settings, repeat testing of HIV-negative women during pregnancy is warranted. One study found that acute infection resulted in high rates of vertical transmission. Another study found that of 750 consecutive pregnant women, with an HIV prevalence of 37.3%, 0.9% of women were acutely infected and thus at a high risk of vertical transmission. HIV RNA assays to detect acute infection are very costly (US$1,313) and have not been used routinely in resource-limited settings.
Antenatal Care - Testing and Counseling
1 study
Further interventions are needed to incorporate violence prevention, screening and counseling services into PMTCT testing and counseling. [See also %{s:59}] Studies found high rates of violence, sexual coercion and abuse among HIV-positive pregnant women, particularly when accessing HIV testing or during disclosure.
Antenatal Care - Testing and Counseling
1 study
Additional efforts are needed to improve information and counseling about HIV during ANC to ensure that pregnant women and their sexual partners have adequate information. Studies found significant numbers of pregnant women received HIV tests with no counseling and reported that HIV testing was a mandatory part of their antenatal care. Studies also found that HIV-positive women feared transmitting HIV to their babies through casual contact. Studies found some providers assured women that treatment guaranteed that there would be no vertical transmission. In addition, studies found that some couples erroneously believed that sex during pregnancy causes miscarriages. Studies have also found that women who have tested HIV-negative at their first antenatal visit had seroconverted to HIV-positive by 12 months following delivery.
Antenatal Care - Testing and Counseling
1 study
Additional efforts are needed to ensure confidentiality in testing. Studies found that women were tested without their consent and that providers did not protect women’s confidentiality.
Antenatal Care - Testing and Counseling
1 study
Increased support is needed for HIV serostatus disclosure, particularly at key times such as delivery, infant weaning, and at the resumption of sexual activity. Studies found that disclosure to partners was low and women reported needing additional support to disclose.
Antenatal Care - Testing and Counseling
1 study
Interventions are needed to sustain viral suppression and reduce loss to follow up once a woman has initiated Option B+, including affordable means of monitoring virological response and effective adherence counseling. Research is needed on how long is optimal to provide care within maternal health systems or when to transfer cART provision outside of maternal health systems. Compared to people who started cART for their own health, a study found that women who started cART while pregnant were 5 times less likely to return to the clinics after the initial visit. Women who started cART while breastfeeding were twice as likely to miss their first follow up appointment. On average, 17% of pregnant women who started ART under Option B+ dropped out of care in the first six months of ART and 22% dropped out within one year (Tenhathi et al., 2014). Systems are rarely in place to track mothers six weeks post-partum (Psaros et al., 2015; Waiswa, 2016). A survey found that ART retention was greatest in those facilities where newly diagnosed pregnant women living with HIV were referred from ANC to the ART clinic in the same facility for initiation and follow up or were referred to facilities serving as ART referral sites that did not provide ANC (van Lettow et al., 2014). A review noted that women found challenges in accessing cART either through maternal care systems, postpartum or through HIV care. Input from pregnant and postpartum women living with HIV is needed
Antenatal Care - Treatment
1 study
Strategies need to be identified to empower women to create demand for improved maternal health services and challenge violations of their rights in facility-based childbirth. This is a particularly acute need for women living with HIV. Studies show that HIV-related stigma may reduce the likelihood of delivering in a health facility
Antenatal Care - Treatment
1 study