Showing 1 - 20 of 29 Results for "condom use"

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Skills training is needed to improve confidence in negotiating condom use for girls and confidence in condom application for boys.
Mitigating Risk
1 study
Women, especially married women, ongoing education about the role of condoms in preventing HIV acquisition and transmission, along with condom negotiation skills. A study found that women did not believe that condoms reduce the risk of HIV transmission. Another study found that married women of alcoholic men are aware of risks of contracting HIV from their husbands but reported difficulty in negotiating condom use as well as violence.
Male and Female Condom Use
1 study
Studies found that counselors and serodiscordant couples did not understand that the HIV-negative partner could acquire HIV, even after many years and HIV-positive women reported that their husbands refused to use condoms. Fear of partner reaction was a barrier to HIV testing.
Male and Female Condom Use
1 study
Interventions are needed to increase condom access by women. Studies found inadequate supplies of condoms to have protected sex.
Male and Female Condom Use
1 study
Tailored interventions are urgently needed to provide greater availability and access to female condoms, along with education and training regarding their use as an additional option to male condoms. Studies found that women, including female sex workers, felt that they could avoid conflict and enhance their safe sex bargaining power by using a female condom when their sexual partner refused to use a male condom.
Male and Female Condom Use
1 study
Providers and HIV testing counselors need training on female condoms to promote use. Studies found that providers and counselors need training in order to be able to promote female condom use.
Male and Female Condom Use
1 study
Interventions are needed to provide prisoners with prevention information and condoms for at least conjugal visits. A study found that prisoners did not have basic information on how condom use reduces likelihood of HIV transmission.
Women Prisoners and Female Partners of Male Prisoners
1 study
Intensified efforts are needed to increase access to treatment, condom use and reduce multiple partnerships by people who know their HIV-positive status or who are on ARV treatment, including young people. [See %{s:29} and %{s:33}]
Treatment as Prevention
1 study
Efforts are needed to avoid disruption of HIV and AIDS programmes during raids and other policing mechanisms. Studies found that HIV prevention efforts are disrupted during raids and that carrying condoms is used to prosecute sex workers.
Female Sex Workers
1 study
Interventions are needed to provide sex workers with greater control and access over money and resources, which can have a positive impact on HIV-related risk reduction. Studies found that if sex workers had access to resources under their control, women were more likely to negotiate condom use and that female sex workers in debt were less likely to report condom use.
Female Sex Workers
1 study
Intensified efforts are needed to increase male and female condom use and reduce multiple partnerships by people who know their HIV-positive status and are not virally suppressed, including young people. Studies found that consistent condom use between discordant couples (or with partners whose serostatus was unknown) was low and, among those on treatment, decreased over time. Lack of condom use was associated with fear of disclosure. People living with HIV as well as couples also believed that treatment with antiretroviral therapy meant that they were either cured of HIV or could no longer transmit the virus and were less likely to disclose their positive serostatus. In some studies, men are more likely to report condom use than women, "given the limited control that women have over the use of the male condom" (Walusaga et al., 2012: 698). Particular attention is also needed to provide condoms to men living with HIV who frequent sex workers, as well as for sex workers themselves to protect themselves (Paz-Bailey et al., 2012). [See %{s:9}]
Staying Healthy and Reducing Transmission
1 study
Prevention and treatment information and services are needed for women and young people in crises-affected settings, particularly at the end of an armed conflict. Studies found low levels of HIV knowledge and condom use among IDPs. End of war may increase HIV transmission. Issues concerning HIV should be included in resettlement plans.
Women and Girls in Complex Emergencies
1 study
Interventions are needed to provide women and their partners with a better understanding of the risk of acquiring HIV through sexual practices as well as through injecting drug use (IOM, 2007). Studies found low rates of condom use despite sexual relationships with IDUs, lack of knowledge by IDUs on sexual and reproductive health and lack of access to clean needles. A study also found that many MSM and male intravenous drug users avoid disclosure of their sexual and drug risk behavior along with their HIV status due to stigma and gender norms and that most wives reported violence and little or no condom use. HIV-positive male IDUs want help with disclosure to their wives. Most wives of IDUs reported only a single lifetime sexual partner and only a tiny proportion reported injecting drug use.
Women Who Use Drugs and Female Partners of Men Who Use Drugs
1 study
Programs must continue to promote protective behavior such as condom use in addition to male circumcision. Studies found that male circumcision is only partially effective, making protective behavior such as partner reduction and condom use, in addition to circumcision, essential. Men who have been circumcised can still transmit HIV to women if they are HIV-positive. Until healing is complete following circumcision, men are more likely to transmit HIV. A post hoc analysis found the HIV-1 acquisition rate among partners of men who remained uncircumcised was 7.9% during the first 6 months after enrollment compared with 27.8% for partners of men who were circumcised and then resumed sexual activity prior to documented healing of the surgical wound, a substantially increased risk.
Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision
1 study
Interventions are needed for street youths who have high rates of HIV and intravenous drug use. A systematic, community-based, multicity assessment of street youth in Ukraine, of whom a quarter were girls, found high rates of HIV and low condom use and high rates of sharing needles, especially among orphans and who were injecting drug users.
Orphans and Vulnerable Children
1 study
Changing laws and policies, ending police violence, and other mechanisms are needed to protect sex workers from violence and rape. Studies found sex workers experienced high rates of violence and rape from clients and police, and that fear of arrest was a barrier to accessing health services. Studies also found that violence was associated with inconsistent condom use and HIV incidence. Studies also found high rates of violence from intimate partners and clients, but inability to press charges.
Female Sex Workers
1 study
Changing the gender norms that can lead to increased risks of HIV such as those dictating multiple sexual partners, the use of violence, or drinking heavily for men and sexual ignorance, submissiveness and dependency for women and girls is a current challenge. Further well-evaluated interventions are needed and existing interventions need to be scaled up. Studies found that women were aware of being at risk for HIV yet felt they had no power to negotiate the terms of sex or to demand condom use. Studies found that both men and women thought multiple sexual partners for men to be an accepted norm in many countries. Media reinforced these gender stereotypes.
Transforming Gender Norms
1 study
Research and interventions are needed to better to support people living with HIV with disclosure and reduce stigma so they can adhere to ART and can continue to have a healthy and safer sex life. In-depth interviews with patients in South Africa who were acutely infected found that patients did not retain the information that they are very likely to transmit HIV and that condom use was particularly important, but were focused on identifying who transmitted HIV to them. In addition, patients were still in shock on learning of their HIV status and did not understand how they could be HIV-positive if they tested negative with a rapid HIV test (Wolpaw et al., 2014). Women who were acutely infected in South Africa faced profound "challenges, immediately after HIV diagnosis" (Tomita et al., 2014b: 1118). Focus groups of women living with HIV found that women were concerned that their access to lifelong treatment when becoming pregnant may discourage their men from condom use, as men know that treatment can decrease the risk of transmission.
Staying Healthy and Reducing Transmission
1 study
Changes in strategies are needed for efforts that stigmatize sex workers and force mandatory testing without confidentiality. Studies in China found that sex workers are mandated to be tested for HIV in re-education camps but many are not informed of their serostatus. Studies found that sex workers were sent to labor re-education camps, were publicly shamed as sex workers and IDUs and had low rates of testing, condom use and access to services. Studies also found that cities in China that detain sex workers have a higher mean HIV prevalence compared to cities that do not detain sex workers.
Female Sex Workers
1 study
Programs for male circumcision need to provide women, as well as men, with detailed factual knowledge of the benefits and risks of voluntary medical male circumcision. Surveys found that women lacked detailed factual knowledge of the benefits and risks of voluntary medical male circumcision and believed that if their male partner was circumcised (whether medically or traditionally) that condom use was unnecessary to protect them from acquiring HIV. Both women and men needed knowledge that abstinence is necessary during wound-healing. Women also need to know that female genital cutting does NOT protect against HIV acquisition or transmission. Women reported that circumcised men adopted risky sexual behaviors. Women feared that medical male circumcision would reduce their ability to negotiate for safer sex and would increase violence. A study of women who acquired HIV found that a large proportion of women reported not knowing whether their partner was circumcised.
Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision
1 study