Showing 201 - 220 of 226
Results for "providers"
Results
Triple therapy, when used for treatment or prophylaxis through the postpartum period reduces mother-to-child HIV transmission. [See also %{s:45}].
Postpartum
14 studies
Gray
I, II, IIIa, IIIb, IV, V
CD4 counts, HAART, PMTCT, breastfeeding, formula feeding, treatment
Botswana, Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, Ethiopia, India, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, South Africa, Southern Africa, Tanzania, Uganda
Antenatal Care - Treatment
Antiretroviral treatment (ART) for women living with HIV is vital to ensuring safe motherhood and reducing vertical transmission. But not all pregnant women access treatment. For women in high-income countries where access to triple therapy during pregnancy has been the standard of care and is near universal, rates of vertical HIV transmission are as low as 0.4%, for example, in Canada (Forbes ...
Mitigating Risk
Young People Need Information
"I want to know if I can have a boyfriend because every time I ask my mum she tells me not to. I would also love to learn about safe sex and safe motherhood (14 year old adolescent girl living with HIV, Zambia cited in Mburu et al., 2013).
A review of the global literature on adolescents found that "there is a significant unmet need for information, education, an...
HIV testing and counseling (HTC) can help women know their HIV status and increase their protective behaviors, particularly among those who test HIV-positive.
HIV Testing and Counseling for Women
14 studies
Gray
I, II, IIIa, IIIb, IV
HIV testing, condom use, condoms, contraception, counseling, couples, disclosure, education, health facilities, sex behavior, sexual partners, sexually transmitted infections
Botswana, Dominican Republic, Kenya, Mozambique, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Trinidad, Uganda, Zimbabwe
Hepatitis
Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver, most often caused by a virus. The most common types of viruses are hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hepatitis D and hepatitis E. "Hepatitis A and E are typically caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and are not known to cause chronic liver disease" (WHO, 2010c). A vaccine exists for hepatitis A and a meta-analysis of eight studies fr...
Advancing Education
Increasing girls' access to education is critical to combating the AIDS pandemic. "There is a well-established protective effect of schooling on HIV risk" (Pettifor et al., 2008a; Hargreaves et al., 2008a; Jukes et al., 2008 cited in Pettifor et al., 2012a: 1). Education of girls is associated with delayed marriage and childbearing, lower fertility, healthier babies, and increased earning poten...
Increased employment opportunities, microfinance, or small-scale income-generating activities can reduce behavior that increases HIV risk, particularly among young people.*
Promoting Women’s Employment, Income and Livelihood Opportunities
4 studies
Gray
II, IIIb
HIV testing, Republic of Congo, condoms, employment, microfinance, risk behavior, sex behavior, training programs, youth
Haiti, South Africa
Continued counseling (either group or individual) and related training for those who are HIV-positive and those affected by HIV can relieve psychological distress.
Women and Girls
4 studies
Gray
II, IV, V
counseling, depression, mental health, psychosocial impact, psychosocial support, risk behavior, sex behavior, support
Nigeria, South Africa, Thailand, Uganda
Expanding distribution of female condoms may increase female condom use, thus increasing the number of protected sex acts and preventing HIV acquisition and transmission.
Male and Female Condom Use
6 studies
Gray
IIIb
STIs, counseling, female condoms, sex workers, sexual partners
Brazil, China, Kenya, Madagascar, South Africa, Zimbabwe
Integrating CD4 count service with voluntary counseling and testing or primary health clinics can accelerate initiation of treatment.
Provision and Access
4 studies
Gray
I, II, IIIb
CD4 count, CD4 counts, HIV testing, and Zimbabwe, health facilities, treament, treatment
Cameroon, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania, Thailand, Uganda
Initiating cART as early as possible to achieve low viral load is optimal, improves maternal health, and reduces risk of vertical transmission. [See also %{s:39}] Note: Risk of vertical transmission rises after 28 weeks of pregnancy (7 months), so initiating ART at least by month 6 of pregnancy reduces risk (Luzuriaga and Mofenson, 2016)
Antenatal Care - Treatment
18 studies
Gray
II, IIIa, IIIb
ART, CD4 cell count, CD4 counts, HAART, Ireland, Mozambiqu, infants, pregnancy, treatement, treatment, viral load
Argentina, Benin, Brazil, Cameroon, Canada, Côte d’Ivoire, Ethiopia, France, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, South Africa, Swaziland, Thailand, Uganda, Ukraine, United States, Zambia
Female Sex Workers
Sex workers, whose work involves sexual relations with multiple partners, are a key group of women who need access to comprehensive sexual health services, including HIV prevention, treatment and care. Programs that enhance sex workers' ability to use condoms are also vitally important (Lafort et al., 2010; Pisani, 2008). Unprotected sex with multiple partners puts sex workers at risk of HIV ac...
Reducing Stigma and Discrimination
"...Three decades into the epidemic, stigmatization remains a core feature of the patient experience of HIV/AIDS" (Gilbert and Walker, 2010: 144). Or as one woman living with HIV in Thailand put it: "It does not matter how many thousand people have HIV/AIDS... I would say that only zero percent will accept people living with HIV/AIDS" (Liamputtong et al., 2009: 865). Stigma and discrimination h...
Promoting Women’s Employment, Income and Livelihood Opportunities
Women's economic dependence on men and unequal access to resources, including land and income-generating opportunities, increases the likelihood of women and girls engaging in a variety of unsafe sexual behaviors including transactional sex, coerced sex, earlier sexual debut, and multiple sexual partners, and thus increases their risk of becoming infected with HIV (Gillespie and Kadiyala, 2005)...
Initiating HIV treatment before or during TB therapy can reduce the incidence of TB and increase patient survival for those living with HIV, including for patients with XDR TB.
Tuberculosis
8 studies
Gray
II, IIIa, IIIb, IV
HAART, HIV testing, TB, antiretrovirals, treatment
Ethiopia, South Africa, Spain, Thailand
Training, peer and partner discussions, and community-based education that questions harmful gender norms can improve HIV prevention, testing, treatment and care.
Transforming Gender Norms
6 studies
Gray
II, IIIa, IIIb
STIs, behavior change communication, condom use, condoms, gender equity, gender norms, gender relations, men, peer education, sex behavior, sexual partners, violence, workplace
Botswana, Brazil, India, South Africa, Tanzania
Home testing, consented to by household members, can increase the number of people who learn their serostatus.
HIV Testing and Counseling for Women
9 studies
Gray
I, IIIa, IIIb
HIV testing, condoms, counseling, disclosure, health facilities, home-based testing
Kenya, South Africa, Uganda, Zambia
